{"id":20,"date":"2012-11-25T21:49:11","date_gmt":"2012-11-25T21:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/?page_id=20"},"modified":"2021-06-06T13:02:51","modified_gmt":"2021-06-06T13:02:51","slug":"contents","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/","title":{"rendered":"Contents"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #800000; font-size: 20px; font-family: comic sans ms,sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: verdana,geneva;\">Welcome!<\/span><\/strong> \u00a0<\/span>This is a tour of amateur radio history, beginning around the turn of the last century. It unfolds blog-style in periodic installments or chapters<i><code>.<\/code><code><\/code><\/i><\/p>\n<p>This table of contents is useful whether you&#8217;re new to this site or have been following it for a while.\u00a0 It presents stories in chronological order. The <a title=\"Chapters\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/chapters\/\"><em><strong>Chapters<\/strong><\/em> <\/a>page lists the same contents but with the most recent first, proceeding backward in the order in which they were posted (which is also nearly always historically reverse chronological order). The site reads best chronologically, but you are welcome to jump in at any point. Reading in random order might get confusing, though, since some installments refer back to events described in earlier ones.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re new here, the best way to start is to begin at the beginning with the <a title=\"Introduction\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/introduction\/\"><em><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/em><\/a>, followed by the <a title=\"Prologue\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/prologue\/\"><em><strong>Prologue<\/strong><\/em><\/a>. At the top of each page are links (at left and right) to the next and previous posts in the sequence.<\/p>\n<p>73,<br \/>\nChris Codella, W2PA, author<br \/>\nJohn Pelham, W1JA, editor<br \/>\nPhil Johnson, W2SQ, editor<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-403\" src=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/BT-sep-sm.bmp\" alt=\"BT sep sm\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Table of Contents<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Introduction\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/introduction\/\"><strong>Introduction<\/strong> <\/a>&#8211; An introduction to the site and how to use it.<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong><a title=\"Prologue\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/prologue\/\">Prologue<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; Background and intent<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Part One (ca. 1886<strong><em>\u2013<\/em><\/strong>1917)<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\"><strong><a title=\"Beginnings\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/beginnings\/\">Beginnings<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; The first amateurs<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"The Squeak Box\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-squeak-box\/\">The Squeak Box<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; Kids with keys<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"The First Regulations\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-first-regulations\/\">The First Regulations<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; The end of free range hams<br \/>\n<a title=\"Getting Organized\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/getting-organized\/\"><strong>Getting Organized<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Collaboration extends range to a continent<br \/>\n<a title=\"QST at the Beginning\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/qst-at-the-beginning\/\"><strong>QST at the Beginning<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0&#8211; A new amateur wireless magazine<br \/>\n<a title=\"A Patriotic and Dignified Effort\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/a-patriotic-and-dignified-effort\/\"><strong>A Patriotic and Dignified Effort<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0&#8211; Relevance to the nation, public service<br \/>\n<a title=\"Humor, Poetry, and Rotten Rants\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/humor-poetry-and-rotten-rants\/\"><strong>Humor, Poetry and Rotten Rants<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0&#8211; It&#8217;s fun too<br \/>\n<a title=\"Technical Writing\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/technical-writing\/\"><strong>Technical Writing<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0&#8211; Professionals and amateurs, sometimes the same<br \/>\n<a title=\"Spark Radio\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/spark-radio\/\"><strong>Spark Radio<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The damped wave<br \/>\n<a title=\"Aerials, Attachments, and Audibility\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/aerials-attachments-and-audibility\/\"><strong>Aerials, Attachments, and Audibility<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Wires, gaps, and phones<br \/>\n<a title=\"The Audion\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-audion\/\"><strong>The Audion<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The third electrode&#8217;s the charm<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"The Relay\u2019s the Thing\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-relays-the-thing\/\">The Relay&#8217;s the Thing<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; A blueprint for passing messages<br \/>\n<a title=\"Trunk Lines\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/trunk-lines\/\"><strong>Trunk Lines<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Cross-country paths and star stations<br \/>\n<a title=\"Cooperation and QRM\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/cooperation-and-qrm\/\"><strong>Cooperation and QRM<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Sharing the air<br \/>\n<a title=\"Regulations and Enforcement, Hard and Soft\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/regulations-and-enforcement-hard-and-soft\/\"><strong>Regulations and Enforcement, Hard and Soft<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0&#8211; A process forms around the 1912 law<br \/>\n<a title=\"Strangely Behaving Signals\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/strangely-behaving-signals\/\"><strong>Strangely Behaving Signals<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Propagation is more complicated than it seems<br \/>\n<a title=\"Transcons\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/transcons\/\"><strong>Transcons<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Relaying across the country and back.<br \/>\n<a title=\"The Lid\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-lid\/\"><strong>The Lid<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The war puts an end to amateurs&#8217; operations<br \/>\n<a title=\"Shut Down and Called Up\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/shut-down-and-called-up\/\"><strong>Shut Down and Called Up<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Hams are off the air at home, then back on overseas<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #800000; font-size: 18px;\"><strong><em>Part<\/em><\/strong> Two <strong><em>(ca. 1918<strong><em>\u2013<\/em><\/strong>1923)<\/em><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><a title=\"Waking Up\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/waking-up\/\"><strong>Waking up<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Hams begin to return home from war<br \/>\n<a title=\"Naval Maneuvers\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/naval-maneuvers\/\"><strong>Naval Maneuvers<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Amateur radio comes under renewed threats<br \/>\n<a title=\"Liberty\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/liberty\/\"><strong>Liberty<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The ban on operating is finally lifted<br \/>\n<a title=\"New Hams (F.)\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/new-hams-f\/\"><strong>New Hams(F.)<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The &#8220;fraternity,&#8221; not<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"Armstrong in QST\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/armstrong-in-qst\/\">Armstrong in QST<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; Scientist, engineer&#8230;\u00a0 amateur<br \/>\n<a title=\"Freaks\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/freaks\/\"><strong>Freaks<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; What makes signals fade?<br \/>\n<a title=\"QSS Tests\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/qss-tests\/\"><strong>QSS Tests<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Hams and the Bureau of Standards seek an answer.<br \/>\n<a title=\"Spark to CW\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/spark-to-cw\/\"><strong>Spark to CW<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Renewed experimentation and an inexorable trend<br \/>\n<a title=\"Radiotelephone\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/radiotelephone\/\"><strong>Radiotelephone<\/strong> <\/a>&#8211; Beginnings of phone transmissions and broadcasts<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"Strays \u2013 The Twenties Begin\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/strays-the-twenties-begin\/\">Strays\u2014The Twenties Begin<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"Transcons at Record Speed\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/transcons-at-record-speed\/\">Transcons at Record Speed<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; The air falls silent as hams run for records<br \/>\n<a title=\"The Chicago Plan\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-chicago-plan\/\"><strong>The Chicago Plan<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Urban hams get rowdy &#8211; a model of cooperation results<br \/>\n<strong>Crossings<\/strong> &#8211; The first amateur radio transatlantic tests (in three parts)<br \/>\n<a title=\"Crossings I \u2013 Aquitania\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/crossingsi-aquitania\/\"><strong>Crossings I\u2014<\/strong><\/a>Aquitania<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"Crossings II \u2013 Ardrossan\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/crossings-ii-ardrossan\/\">Crossings II\u2014<\/a><\/strong>Ardrossan<br \/>\n<a title=\"Crossings III \u2013 Accolades\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/crossings-iii-accolades\/\"><strong>Crossings III\u2014<\/strong><\/a>Accolades<br \/>\n<a title=\"What is an Amateur?\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/what-is-an-amateur\/\"><strong>What is an Amateur?<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Distinguishing transmitting from broadcasting<br \/>\n<a title=\"Broadcast Boundaries\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/broadcast-boundaries\/\"><strong>Broadcast Boundaries<\/strong> <\/a>&#8211; A first national radio conference<br \/>\n<a title=\"Twenty-two in \u201922\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/twenty-two-in-22\/\"><strong>Twenty-two in &#8217;22<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Allocations to accommodate broadcasting<br \/>\n<a title=\"Crossings IV\u2014The Reply\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/crossings-iv-the-reply\/\"><strong>Crossings IV\u2014The Reply<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; This time, Europe transmits too<br \/>\n<a title=\"First Band, Top Band\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/first-band-top-band\/\"><strong>First Band, Top Band<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Amateurs are assigned a band of wavelengths for the first time<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><em><em>Part<\/em><\/em><em> Three (ca. 1923\u20131930)<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><a title=\"New Circuits\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/new-circuits\/\"><strong>New Circuits<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Improving receivers for shortwaves<br \/>\n<a title=\"Transpacifics\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/transpacifics\/\"><strong>Transpacifics<\/strong> <\/a>&#8211; Reaching all continents<br \/>\n<a title=\"High Lattitudes and Low Wavelengths\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/high-lattitudes-and-low-wavelengths\/\"><strong>High Latitudes and Low Wavelengths<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Amateur radio in the arctic<br \/>\n<a title=\"The Fourth Time\u2019s the Charm\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/the-fourth-times-the-charm\/\"><strong>The Fourth Time&#8217;s the Charm<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The first QSOs across the ocean<br \/>\n<a title=\"Call Sign Confusion\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/call-sign-confusion\/\"><strong>Call Sign Confusion<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Amateurs cope with an absence of national prefixes<br \/>\n<a title=\"Scooped\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/scooped\/\"><strong>Scooped<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Hams set new records on shortwaves, and WNP returns<br \/>\n<a title=\"Onward, Downward\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/onward-downward\/\"><strong>Onward, Downward<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Experimenting with shortwaves accelerates<br \/>\n<a title=\"Call and Card\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/call-and-card\/\"><strong>Call and Card<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The CQ and the QSL<br \/>\n<a title=\"WWV\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wwv\/\"><strong>WWV<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Hams get help calibrating<br \/>\n<a title=\"Six Segments, Sans Spark\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/six-segments-sans-spark\/\"><strong>Six Segments, Sans Spark<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; New bands, new regulations<br \/>\n<a title=\"April in Paris\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/april-in-paris\/\"><strong>April in Paris<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; An international amateur radio organization is formed<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"DX Records and Shortwave Reflections\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/dx-records-and-shortwave-reflections\/\">DX Records and Shortwave Reflections<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; A flurry of DX firsts, all on shortwaves<br \/>\n<a title=\"Army Vacation or Navy Cruise\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/army-vacation-or-navy-cruise\/\"><strong>Army Vacation or Navy Cruise<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Hams collaborate with the US military<br \/>\n<a title=\"North Again\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/north-again\/\"><strong>North Again<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; This time with Reinartz and shorter wavelengths<br \/>\n<strong><a title=\"Strays \u2013 Traffic, 200, and 20\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/strays-traffic-200-and-20\/\">Strays \u2013 Traffic, 200, and 20<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\"><a title=\"Rare International Sport\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/rare-international-sport\/\"><strong>Rare International Sport<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> &#8211; the first DX contests<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a title=\"Wireless in Washington\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wireless-in-washington\/\"><strong>Wireless in Washington<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Finally, a new law and bands<\/span><br \/>\n<a title=\"Wabbulation\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wabbulation\/\"><strong>Wabbulation<\/strong> <\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; Phone, and problems with frequency control<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a title=\"Treaty\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/treaty\/\"><strong>Treaty<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; International agreement on radio allocations<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/third-parties\/\"><strong>Third Parties<\/strong> <\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; How is message traffic defined under the 1927 law?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/family-harmonics\/\"><strong>Family Harmonics<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Band allocations narrow under US and international regulation<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/stability-accuracy-purity-the-1929-type-station\/\">Stability, Accuracy, Purity \u2013 The \u201c1929-Type\u201d Station<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; A new generation of equipment<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/ramifications-regional-fine-tuning-and-phone\/\"><strong>Ramifications &#8211; Regional Fine Tuning and Phone<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; Effects of the 1927 law continue<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/two-contests\/\"><strong>Two Contests<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The precursors to two present-day big ones<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/strays-perspectives-on-amateur-radio-1930\/\"><strong>Strays \u2013 Perspectives on Amateur Radio, 1930<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; The US, Maxim, Warner, and XYLs<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><br 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It unfolds blog-style in periodic installments or chapters. This table of contents is useful whether you&#8217;re new to this site or have been following it for a while.\u00a0 It presents stories in chronological order. The Chapters page lists the same contents but with the most recent first, proceeding backward in the order in which they were posted (which is also nearly always historically &hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20"}],"version-history":[{"count":299,"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3505,"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20\/revisions\/3505"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/w2pa.net\/HRH\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}